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Study on emissions reduction of DMCC engine with oxidation catalyst

YAO Chunde, LIU Xibo, WANG Hongfu, LIU Xiaoping, CHENG Chuanhui, WANG Yinshan

《能源前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第4期页码 441-445 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0064-4

摘要： A new combustion model diesel/methanol compound combustion (DMCC) is presented, in which methanol is injected into manifold and ignited by certain amount of diesel fuel. The results showed that DMCC remarkably decreased the emission

关键词： combustion manifold DMCC emission diesel/methanol compound

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Influence of cetane number improver on performance and emissions of a common-rail diesel engine fueledwith biodiesel-methanol blend

Wu YU, Gen CHEN, Zuohua HUANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第4期页码 412-418 doi: 10.1007/s11708-011-0163-9

摘要： In this paper, the effect of cetane number (CN) improver on performance and emissions, including particulate number concentration and size distribution, of a turbocharged, common-rail diesel engine fueled with biodiesel-methanol were studied. Two volume fractions (0.3% and 0.6%) of CN improver were added to BM30 (30% of methanol in the biodiesel-methanol blend) in the experiment. The results show that, compared with those of biodiesel-methanol blend, the peak value of cylinder pressure increases, the second peak of heat release rate decreases, the start of second heat release are advanced, and the fuel economy and thermal efficiency are improved when CN improver is added to biodiesel-methanol blend. Besides, CO and HC emissions decrease, NO emission varies little and smoke emissions increase slightly. Moreover, exhaust particles of BM30 mainly distribute in nano-size range. Furthermore, particle number concentration decreases and peak of size distribution profile shifts toward large size direction.

关键词： biodiesel methanol common-rail (CR) diesel engine cetane number (CN) improver

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Efficient hydrothermal deoxygenation of methyl palmitate to diesel-like hydrocarbons on carbon encapsulatedNi–Sn intermetallic compounds with methanol as hydrogen donor

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 139-155 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2217-4

摘要： Porous carbon-encapsulated Ni and Ni–Sn intermetallic compound catalysts were prepared by the one-pot extended Stöber method followed by carbonization and tested for in-situ hydrothermal deoxygenation of methyl palmitate with methanol as the hydrogen donor. During the catalyst preparation, Sn doping reduces the size of carbon spheres, and the formation of Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds restrain the graphitization, contributing to larger pore volume and pore diameter. Consequently, a more facile mass transfer occurs in carbon-encapsulated Ni–Sn intermetallic compound catalysts than in carbon-encapsulated Ni catalysts. During the in-situ hydrothermal deoxygenation, the synergism between Ni and Sn favors palmitic acid hydrogenation to a highly reactive hexadecanal that easily either decarbonylate to n-pentadecane or is hydrogenated to hexadecanol. At high reaction temperature, hexadecanol undergoes dehydrogenation–decarbonylation, generating n-pentadecane. Also, the C–C bond hydrolysis and methanation are suppressed on Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds, favorable for increasing the carbon yield and reducing the H₂ consumption. The n-pentadecane and n-hexadecane yields reached 88.1% and 92.8% on carbon-encapsulated Ni₃Sn₂ intermetallic compound at 330 °C. After washing and H₂ reduction, the carbon-encapsulated Ni₃Sn₂ intermetallic compound remains stable during three recycling cycles. This is ascribed to the carbon confinement that effectively suppresses the sintering and loss of metal particles under harsh hydrothermal conditions.

关键词： extended Stöber method carbon encapsulated Ni–Sn intermetallic compounds confinement in-situ hydrothermal deoxygenation hydrogenation decarbonylation

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Deep desulfurization of diesel fuels by catalytic oxidation

YU Guoxian, CHEN Hui, LU Shanxiang, ZHU Zhongnan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 162-166 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0030-8

摘要： Reaction feed was prepared by dissolving dibenzothiophene (DBT), which was selected as a model organosulfur compound in diesel fuels, in -octane. The oxidant was a 30 wt-% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide. Catalytic performance of the activated carbons with saturation adsorption of DBT was investigated in the presence of formic acid. In addition, the effects of activated carbon dosage, formic acid concentration, initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide, initial concentration of DBT and reaction temperature on the oxidation of DBT were investigated. Experimental results indicated that performic acid and the hydroxyl radicals produced are coupled to oxidize DBT with a conversion ratio of 100%. Catalytic performance of the combination of activated carbon and formic acid is higher than that of only formic acid. The concentration of formic acid, activated carbon dosage, initial concentration of hydrogen peroxide and reaction temperature affect the oxidative removal of DBT. The higher the initial concentration of DBT in the -octane solution, the more difficult the deep desulfurization by oxidation is.

关键词： organosulfur compound performic presence activated hydrogen peroxide

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Effects of a diesel oxidation catalyst on gaseous pollutants and fine particles from an engine operatingon diesel and biodiesel

Xiaoyan SHI, Kebin HE, Weiwei SONG, Xingtong WANG, Jihua TAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 463-469 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0317-3

摘要： The effects of a diesel oxidation catalytic (DOC) converter on diesel engine emissions were investigated on a diesel bench at various loads for two steady-state speeds using diesel fuel and B20. The DOC was very effective in hydrocarbon (HC) and CO oxidation. Approximately 90%–95% reduction in CO and 36%–70% reduction in HC were realized using the DOC. Special attention was focused on the effects of the DOC on elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) fractions in fine particles (PM ) emitted from the diesel engine. The carbonaceous compositions of PM were analyzed by the method of thermal/optical reflectance (TOR). The results showed that total carbon (TC), OC and EC emissions for PM from diesel fuel were generally reduced by the DOC. For diesel fuel, TC emissions decreased 22%–32% after the DOC depending on operating modes. The decrease in TC was attributed to 35%–97% decrease in OC and 3%–65% decrease in EC emissions. At low load, a significant increase in the OC/EC ratio of PM was observed after the DOC. The effect of the DOC on the carbonaceous compositions in PM from B20 showed different trends compared to diesel fuel. At low load, a slight increase in EC emissions and a significant decrease in OC/EC ratio of PM after DOC were observed for B20.

关键词： diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) diesel particulate matters elemental carbon (EC) organic carbon (OC) biodiesel

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Impacts of methanol fuel on vehicular emissions: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1553-4

摘要：

● Methanol effectively reduces CO, HC, CO₂, PM, and PN emissions of gasoline vehicles.

关键词： Methanol fuel Vehicular emission Emission reduction Cleaner fuel Gasoline substitute

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Effects of Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel on combustion and emissions of direct injection diesel engine

HUANG Yongcheng, WANG Shangxue, ZHOU Longbao

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 261-267 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0062-x

摘要： Effects of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) diesel fuel on the combustion and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine under different fuel delivery advance angles were investigated. The experimental results show that F-T diesel fuel exhibits shorter ignition delay, lower peak values of premixed burning rate, lower combustion pressure and pressure rise rate, and higher peak value of diffusion burning rate than conventional diesel fuel when the engine remains unmodified. In addition, the unmodified engine with F-T diesel fuel has lower brake specific fuel consumption and higher effective thermal efficiency, and presents lower HC, CO, NO and smoke emissions than conventional diesel fuel. When fuel delivery advance angle is retarded by 3 crank angle degrees, the combustion duration is obviously shortened; the peak values of premixed burning rate, the combustion pressure and pressure rise rate are further reduced; and the peak value of diffusion burning rate is further increased for F-T diesel fuel operation. Moreover, the retardation of fuel delivery advance angle results in a further significant reduction in NO emissions with no penalty on specific fuel consumption and with much less penalty on HC, CO and smoke emissions.

关键词： combustion pressure further HC operation single-cylinder

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Combustion and emissions of RP-3 jet fuel and diesel fuel in a single-cylinder diesel engine

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第5期页码 664-677 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0787-3

摘要： The combustion characteristics and emission behaviors of RP-3 jet fuel were studied and compared to commercial diesel fuel in a single-cylinder compression ignition (CI) engine. Engine operational parameters, including engine load (0.6, 0.7, and 0.8 MPa indicating the mean effective pressure (IMEP)), the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%), and the fuel injection timing (−20, −15, −10, and −5 ° crank angle (CA) after top dead center (ATDC)) were adjusted to evaluate the engine performances of RP-3 jet fuel under changed operation conditions. In comparison to diesel fuel, RP-3 jet fuel shows a retarded heat release and lagged combustion phase, which is more obvious under heavy EGR rate conditions. In addition, the higher premixed combustion fraction of RP-3 jet fuel leads to a higher first-stage heat release peak than diesel fuel under all testing conditions. As a result, RP-3 jet fuel features a longer ignition delay (ID) time, a shorter combustion duration (CD), and an earlier CA50 than diesel fuel. The experimental results manifest that RP-3 jet fuel has a slightly lower indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) compared to diesel fuel, but the ITE difference becomes less noticeable under large EGR rate conditions. Compared with diesel fuel, the nitrogen oxides (NO_x) emissions of RP-3 jet fuel are higher while its soot emissions are lower. The NO_x emissions of RP-3 can be effectively reduced with the increased EGR rate and delayed injection timing.

关键词： RP-3 jet fuel diesel engine combustion emissions

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Combustion analysis of a hydrogen-diesel fuel operated DI diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation

M. LOGANATHAN, A. VELMURUGAN, TOM PAGE, E. JAMES GUNASEKARAN, P. TAMILARASAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第4期页码 568-574 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0461-y

摘要： The rapid depletion of fossil fuel and growing demand necessitates researchers to find alternative fuels which are clean and sustainable. The need for finding renewable, low cost and environmentally friendly fuel resources can never be understated. An efficient method of generation and storage of hydrogen will enable automotive manufacturers to introduce hydrogen fuelled engine in the market. In this paper, a conventional DI diesel engine was modified to operate as gas engine. The intake manifold of the engine was supplied with hydrogen along with recirculated exhaust gas and air. The injection rates of hydrogen were maintained at three levels with 2 L/min, 4 L/min, 6 L/min and 8 L/min and 10 L/min with an injection pressure of 2 bar. Many of the combustion parameters like heat release rate (HRR), ignition delay, combustion duration, rate of pressure rise (ROPR), cumulative heat release rate (CHR), and cyclic pressure fluctuations were measured. The HRR peak pressure decreased with the increase in EGR rate, while combustion duration increased with the EGR rate. The cyclic pressure variation also increased with the increase in EGR rate.

关键词： hydrogen exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) diesel combustion heat release rate (HRR) combustion duration

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Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operating on different water in diesel emulsion

Seyed Saeed HOSEINI, Mohammad Amin SOBATI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第4期页码 636-657 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0646-7

摘要： The nitrogen oxide (NO ) release of diesel engines can be reduced using water in diesel emulsion fuel without any engine modification. In the present paper, different formulations of water in diesel emulsion fuels were prepared by ultrasonic irradiation. The water droplet size in the emulsion, polydisperisty index, and the stability of prepared fuel was examined, experimentally. Afterwards, the performance characteristics and exhaust emission of a single cylinder air-cooled diesel engine were investigated using different water in diesel emulsion fuels. The effect of water content (in the range of 5%–10% by volume), surfactant content (in the range of 0.5%–2% by volume), and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) (in the range of 5–8) was examined using Box-Behnken design (BBD) as a subset of response surface methodology (RSM). Considering multi-objective optimization, the best formulation for the emulsion fuel was found to be 5% water, 2% surfactant, and HLB of 6.8. A comparison was made between the best emulsion fuel and the neat diesel fuel for engine performance and emission characteristics. A considerable decrease in the nitrogen oxide emission (–18.24%) was observed for the best emulsion fuel compared to neat diesel fuel.

关键词： water in diesel emulsion fuel hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) response surface methodology (RSM) emulsion stability engine performance exhaust emission

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Confinement effects in methanol to olefins catalysed by zeolites: A computational review

German Sastre

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第1期页码 76-89 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1557-3

摘要： Small pore zeolites, containing 8-rings as the largest, are widely employed as catalysts in the process of methanol-to-olefins (MTO). Reactants and products diffuse with constraints through 8-rings and this is one of the reaction bottlenecks related to zeolite micropore topology. Small pore zeolites and silicon-aluminophosphates(SAPOs) containing cavities, where olefins are mainly formed through the hydrocarbon pool (HP) mechanism, are frequently tested for MTO. Shape selectivity of transition states within the side-chain methylation will be reviewed as this is one of the controlling steps of the MTO process, with particular attention to the role of hexamethylbenzene (HMB) and heptamethylbenzenium cation (HeptaMB ), which are the most tipically detected reaction intermediates, common to the paring and side-chain routes within the HP mechanism. The relative stability of these and other species will be reviewed in terms of confinement effects in different cage-based zeolites. The role of the different alkylating agents, methanol, dimethyl ether (DME), and surface methoxy species (SMS) will also be reviewed from the computational viewpoint.

关键词： small pore zeolites SAPOs methanol-to-olefins hydrocarbon pool mechanism alkylation of polymethylbenzenes

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Hydrogen production from methanol through dielectric barrier discharge

Baowei WANG, Xu ZHANG, Haiying BAI, Yijun Lü, Shuanghui HU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 209-214 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-1018-3

摘要： The hydrogen fuel cell is a promising option as a future energy resource and the production of hydrogen is mainly depended on fossil fuels now. In this paper, methanol reforming to produce H through dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) plasma reaction was studied. Effects of the power supply parameters, reactor parameters and process conditions on conversion of methanol and distribution of products were investigated. The best reaction conditions were following: input power (45 W), material of inner electrode (stainless steel), discharge gap (3.40 mm), length of reaction zone (90.00 mm), dielectric thickness (1.25 mm), and methanol content (37.65%). The highest conversion of methanol and the yield of H were 82.38% and 27.43%, respectively.

关键词： methanol dielectric-barrier discharge hydrogen plasma

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生物柴油技术进展与产业前景

冀星,郗小林,孔林河,李俊峰,李丽

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第9期页码 86-93

摘要：

综述了世界各国生物柴油技术的研究、应用及产业发展状况，分析了生物柴油制备、应用中存在的问题，论述了发展生物柴油产业对我国石油安全、国民经济建设以及对农业产业结构调整的贡献和生物柴油对环境的作用及可能造成的冲击，展望了该产业的发展前景，对该产业的发展提出了建议。

关键词：生物柴油生物柴油制备生物柴油产业

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Experimental study on premixed combustion of spherically propagating methanol-air-nitrogen flames

Xiangang WANG, Zhiyuan ZHANG, Zuohua HUANG, Xibin WANG, Haiyan MIAO,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第2期页码 223-233 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0016-y

摘要： The outward propagation and development of surface instability of the spark-ignited spherical premixed flames for methanol-air-nitrogen mixtures were experimentally studied by using a constant volume combustion chamber and a high-speed schlieren photography system. The laminar burning velocities, the mass burning fluxes, and the Markstein lengths were obtained at different equivalence ratios, dilution ratios, initial temperatures, and pressures. The laminar burning velocities and the mass burning fluxes give a similar curve versus the equivalence ratios. They increase with the increase of initial temperature and decrease with the increase of dilution ratio. The laminar burning velocity decreases with elevating the initial pressure, while the mass burning flux increases with the increase of the initial pressure. Markstein length decreases slightly with the increase of initial temperature for the rich mixtures. High initial pressure corresponds to low Markstein length. Markstein length increases with the increase of dilution ratio, which is more obvious when the mixture becomes leaner. Equivalence ratio has a slight impact on the development of the diffusive-thermal cellular structure at elevated initial pressures. The initial pressure has a significant influence on the occurrence of the flame front cellular structure. At the elevated pressures, the cracks on the flame surface branch and develop into the cell structure. These cells are bounded by cracks emitting a bright light, which may indicate soot formation. For very lean mixture combustion, the buoyancy effect and cooling effect from the spark electrodes have a significant impact on the flame propagation. The hydrodynamic instability, inhibited with the increase of initial temperature around the stoichiometric equivalence ratio, is enhanced with the increase of initial pressure and suppressed by mixture dilution.

关键词： methanol spherical flame propagation characteristics flame instabilities

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Wind-diesel hybrid power system integration in the south Algeria

Khaireddine ALLALI,El Bahi AZZAG,Nabil KAHOUL

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第3期页码 259-271 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0367-5

摘要： In most isolated sites situated in south Algeria, the diesel generators are the major source of electrical energy. Indeed, the power supply of these remote regions still poses order problems (technical, economical and ecological). The electricity produced with the help of diesel generators is very expensive and responsible for CO emission. These isolated sites have significant wind energy potential. Hence, the use of twinning wind-diesel is widely recommended, especially to reduce operating deficits. The objective of this paper is to study the global modeling of a hybrid system which compounds wind turbine generator, diesel generator and storage system. This model is based on the control strategy to optimize the functioning of the hybrid system and to consolidate the gains to provide proper management of energy sources (wind, diesel, battery) depending on the load curve of the proposed site. The management is controlled by a controller which ensures the opening/closing of different power switches according to meteorological conditions (wind speed, air mass, temperature, etc).

关键词： wind-diesel storage system isolated site management simulation

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标题作者时间类型操作

Study on emissions reduction of DMCC engine with oxidation catalyst

YAO Chunde, LIU Xibo, WANG Hongfu, LIU Xiaoping, CHENG Chuanhui, WANG Yinshan

期刊论文

Influence of cetane number improver on performance and emissions of a common-rail diesel engine fueledwith biodiesel-methanol blend

Wu YU, Gen CHEN, Zuohua HUANG

期刊论文

Efficient hydrothermal deoxygenation of methyl palmitate to diesel-like hydrocarbons on carbon encapsulatedNi–Sn intermetallic compounds with methanol as hydrogen donor

期刊论文

Deep desulfurization of diesel fuels by catalytic oxidation

YU Guoxian, CHEN Hui, LU Shanxiang, ZHU Zhongnan

期刊论文

Effects of a diesel oxidation catalyst on gaseous pollutants and fine particles from an engine operatingon diesel and biodiesel

Xiaoyan SHI, Kebin HE, Weiwei SONG, Xingtong WANG, Jihua TAN

期刊论文

Impacts of methanol fuel on vehicular emissions: A review

期刊论文

Effects of Fischer-Tropsch diesel fuel on combustion and emissions of direct injection diesel engine

HUANG Yongcheng, WANG Shangxue, ZHOU Longbao

期刊论文